THE ROLE OF PRAGMATIC UNITS IN THE FORMATION OF SPEECH ETIQUETTE IN THE UZBEK LANGUAGE

• Muslimaxon Ubaydulla qizi Abdullayeva

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This article examines the role of pragmatic units in the formation of speech etiquette in the Uzbek language. The purpose of the research is to identify how address forms, apology formulas, gratitude expressions, requests, blessings, wishes, prohibitions, evaluative words and politeness markers participate in regulating interpersonal communication. The study applies descriptive, linguopragmatic, contextual and cultural-interpretive methods. The research material is based on everyday Uzbek speech, examples from speech etiquette practice and theoretical views on pragmatics, speech acts and politeness. The findings show that pragmatic units in Uzbek do not merely transmit information; they organize social distance, express respect, reduce communicative tension, mark age and status relations, and preserve national-cultural norms. In Uzbek communication, units such as “assalomu alaykum”, “marhamat”, “iltimos”, “rahmat”, “kechirasiz”, “aka”, “opa”, “ustoz”, “otaxon” and “onaxon” function as important tools of speech etiquette. The article concludes that pragmatic units are central to the formation of polite, respectful and culturally appropriate communication in Uzbek society.

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